Publications

  1. Bahlmann, L. M., Smits, K. M., Heck, K., Coltman, E., Helmig, R., & Neuweiler, I. (2020). Gas Component Transport Across the Soil-Atmosphere Interface for Gases of Different Density: Experiments and Modeling. Water Resources Research, 56(9). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR027600
  2. Başer, T., Dong, Y., Moradi, A. M., Lu, N., Smits, K., Ge, S., Tartakovsky, D., & McCartney, J. S. (2018). Role of Nonequilibrium Water Vapor Diffusion in Thermal Energy Storage Systems in the Vadose Zone. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 144(7), 04018038. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0001910
  3. Chamindu Deepagoda, T. K. K., Smits, K. M., & Oldenburg, C. M. (2016). Effect of subsurface soil moisture variability and atmospheric conditions on methane gas migration in shallow subsurface. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 55, 105–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2016.10.016
  4. Chamindu Deepagoda, T. K. K., Jayarathne, J. R. R. N., Clough, T. J., Thomas, S., & Elberling, B. (2019). Soil‐Gas Diffusivity and Soil‐Moisture effects on N 2 O Emissions from Intact Pasture Soils . Soil Science Society of America Journal, 83(4), 1032–1043. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2018.10.0405
  5. Chamindu Deepagoda, T. K. K., Smits, K., Ramirez, J., & Moldrup, P. (2016). Characterization of Thermal, Hydraulic, and Gas Diffusion Properties in Variably Saturated Sand Grades. Vadose Zone Journal, 15(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.07.0097
  6. Cho, Y., Ulrich, B. A., Zimmerle, D. J., & Smits, K. M. (2020). Estimating natural gas emissions from underground pipelines using surface concentration measurements. Environmental Pollution, 267, 115514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115514
  7. Cho, Y., Ulrich, B. A., Zimmerle, D. J., & Smits, K. M. (2020). Estimating natural gas emissions from underground pipelines using surface concentration measurements☆. Environmental Pollution, 267, 115514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115514
  8. Davarzani, H., Smits, K., Tolene, R. M., & Illangasekare, T. (2014). Study of the effect of wind speed on evaporation from soil through integrated modeling of the atmospheric boundary layer and shallow subsurface. Water Resources Research, 50(1), 661–680. https://doi.org/10.1002/2013WR013952
  9. Deepagoda TKK, C., Mitton, M., & Smits, K. (2018). Effect of varying atmospheric conditions on methane boundary-layer development in a free flow domain interfaced with a porous media domain. Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, 8(2), 335–348. https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1743
  10. Deepagoda, T. K. K. C., Smits, K., Jayarathne, J. R. R. N., Wallen, B. M., & Clough, T. J. (2018). Characterization of Grain‐Size Distribution, Thermal Conductivity, and Gas Diffusivity in Variably Saturated Binary Sand Mixtures. Vadose Zone Journal, 17(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.01.0026
  11. Dong, Y., Lu, N., Wayllace, A., & Smits, K. (2014). Measurement of thermal conductivity function of unsaturated soil using a transient water release and imbibition method. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 37(6). https://doi.org/10.1520/GTJ20140046
  12. Drumheller, Z., Smits, K. M., Illangasekare, T. H., Regnery, J., Lee, J., & Kitanidis, P. K. (2017). Optimal Decision Making Algorithm for Managed Aquifer Recharge and Recovery Operation Using Near Real-Time Data: Benchtop Scale Laboratory Demonstration. Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation, 37(1), 27–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwmr.12198
  13. Fetzer, T., Smits, K. M., & Helmig, R. (2016). Effect of Turbulence and Roughness on Coupled Porous-Medium/Free-Flow Exchange Processes. Transport in Porous Media, 114(2), 395–424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-016-0654-6
  14. Fetzer, T., Vanderborght, J., Mosthaf, K., Smits, K. M., & Helmig, R. (2017). Heat and water transport in soils and across the soil-atmosphere interface: 2. Numerical analysis. Water Resources Research, 1080–1100. https://doi.org/10.1002/ 2016WR019983
  15. Gao, B., Coltman, E., Farnsworth, J., Helmig, R., & Smits, K. M. (2021). Determination of Vapor and Momentum Roughness Lengths Above an Undulating Soil Surface Based on PIV‐Measured Velocity Profiles. Water Resources Research, 57(7). https://doi.org/10.1029/2021wr029578
  16. Gao, B., Davarzani, H., Helmig, R., & Smits, K. M. (2018). Experimental and Numerical Study of Evaporation From Wavy Surfaces by Coupling Free Flow and Porous Media Flow. Water Resources Research, 54(11), 9096–9117. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR023423
  17. Gao, B., Farnsworth, J., & Smits, K. M. (2020). Evaporation from undulating soil surfaces under turbulent airflow through numerical and experimental approaches. Vadose Zone Journal, 19(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20038
  18. Gao, B., Mitton, M. K., Bell, C., Zimmerle, D., Deepagoda, T. K. K. C., Hecobian, A., & Smits, K. M. (2021). Study of methane migration in the shallow subsurface from a gas pipe leak. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 9(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2021.00008
  19. He, H., He, D., Jin, J., Smits, K. M., Dyck, M., Wu, Q., Si, B., & Lv, J. (2020). Room for improvement: A review and evaluation of 24 soil thermal conductivity parameterization schemes commonly used in land-surface, hydrological, and soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer models. Earth-Science Reviews, 211(March), 103419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103419
  20. He, H., He, D., Jin, J., Smits, K. M., Dyck, M., Wu, Q., Si, B., & Lv, J. (2020). Room for improvement: A review and evaluation of 24 soil thermal conductivity parameterization schemes commonly used in land-surface, hydrological, and soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer models. Earth-Science Reviews, 211(March), 103419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103419
  21. Jayarathne, J. R. R. N., Chamindu Deepagoda, T. K. K., Clough, T. J., Nasvi, M. C. M., Thomas, S., Elberling, B., & Smits, K. (2020). Gas-Diffusivity based characterization of aggregated agricultural soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 84(2), 387–398. https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20033
  22. Li, Z., Vanderborght, J., & Smits, K. M. (2020). The effect of the top soil layer on moisture and evaporation dynamics. Vadose Zone Journal, 19(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20049
  23. Li, Z., Vanderborght, J., & Smits, K. M. (2019). Evaluation of Model Concepts to Describe Water Transport in Shallow Subsurface Soil and Across the Soil–Air Interface. Transport in Porous Media, 128(3), 945–976. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-018-1144-9
  24. Moradi, A., Smits, K. M., Lu, N., & McCartney, J. S. (2016). Heat Transfer in Unsaturated Soil with Application to Borehole Thermal Energy Storage. Vadose Zone Journal, 15(10), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2016.03.0027
  25. Moradi, A., Smits, K. M., Massey, J., Cihan, A., & McCartney, J. (2015). Impact of coupled heat transfer and water flow on soil borehole thermal energy storage (SBTES) systems: Experimental and modeling investigation. Geothermics, 57, 56–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.05.007
  26. Moradi, A., Smits, K. M., & Sharp, J. O. (2018). Coupled thermally-enhanced bioremediation and renewable energy storage system: Conceptual framework and modeling investigation. Water (Switzerland), 10(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/w10101288
  27. O’Brien, R. M., Phelan, T. J., Smith, N. M., & Smits, K. M. (2021). Remediation in developing countries: A review of previously implemented projects and analysis of stakeholder participation efforts. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 51(12), 1259–1280. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2020.1755203
  28. Pártl, O., Beneš, M., Frolkovič, P., Illangasekare, T., & Smits, K. (2016). Numerical modeling of non-isothermal gas flow and NAPL vapor transport in soil. Computer Physics Communications, 202, 175–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2016.01.011
  29. Petri, B. G., Fučík, R., Illangasekare, T. H., Smits, K. M., Christ, J. A., Sakaki, T., & Sauck, C. C. (2015). Effect of NAPL Source Morphology on Mass Transfer in the Vadose Zone. Groundwater, 53(5), 685–698. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12284
  30. Phelan, T. J., Abriola, L. M., Gibson, J. L., Smits, K. M., & Christ, J. A. (2015). Development and application of a screening model for evaluating bioenhanced dissolution in DNAPL source zones. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 183, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2015.10.001
  31. Regnery, J., Lee, J., Drumheller, Z. W., Drewes, J. E., Illangasekare, T. H., Kitanidis, P. K., McCray, J. E., & Smits, K. M. (2017). Trace organic chemical attenuation during managed aquifer recharge: Insights from a variably saturated 2D tank experiment. Journal of Hydrology, 548, 641–651. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.03.038
  32. Regnery, J., Li, D., Lee, J., Smits, K. M., & Sharp, J. O. (2020). Hydrogeochemical and microbiological effects of simulated recharge and drying within a 2D meso-scale aquifer. Chemosphere, 241, 125116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125116
  33. Sakaki, T., Limsuwat, A., Smits, K. M., & Illangasekare, T. H. (2008). Empirical two-point α-mixing model for calibrating the ECH 2O EC-5 soil moisture sensor in sands. Water Resources Research, 44(4), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR006870
  34. Sakaki, T., & Smits, K. M. (2015). Water Retention Characteristics and Pore Structure of Binary Mixtures. Vadose Zone Journal, 14(2), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2014.06.0065
  35. Schwartz, M., Li, Z., Sakaki, T., Moradi, A., & Smits, K. (2019). Accounting for Temperature Effects on the Performance of Soil Moisture Sensors in Sandy Soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 83(5), 1319–1323. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2019.05.0161
  36. Schwartz, M., Smits, K., Smith, J., Phelan, T., & Restrepo Baena, O. J. (2021). Incorporating positive deviance into comprehensive remediation projects: A case study from artisanal and small-scale gold mining in the municipality of Andes, Colombia. Environmental Science and Policy, 123(January), 142–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2021.05.021
  37. Schwartz, M., Smits, K., Smith, N., & Phelan, T. (2021). How lessons from an evolving comprehensive approach for water and sanitation can improve artisanal and small-scale mining environmental initiatives. Journal of Cleaner Production, 282, 124457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124457
  38. Schwartz, M., Smits, K., Smith, N., & Phelan, T. (2021). How lessons from an evolving comprehensive approach for water and sanitation can improve artisanal and small-scale mining environmental initiatives. Journal of Cleaner Production, 282, 124457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124457
  39. Shanujah, M., Deepagoda, T. K. K. C., Karunarathna, A. K., Nasvi, M. C. M., Shreedharan, V., Babu, G. L. S., Smits, K. M., & Oldenburg, C. M. (2020). Effects of “soil-like” particle size on gas transport and water retention properties in aged municipal solid waste from a Sri Lankan open dumpsite. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 84(4), 1080–1093. https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20100
  40. Smits, K. M., Cihan, A., Ngo, V. V., & Illangasekare, T. H. (2012). Reply to comment by Michael D. Novak on “Evaporation from soils under thermal boundary conditions: Experimental and modeling investigation to compare equilibrium and nonequilibrium based approaches.” Water Resources Research, 48(5), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011609
  41. Smits, K. M., Cihan, A., Sakaki, T., Howington, S. E., Peters, J. F., & Illangasekare, T. H. (2013). Soil moisture and thermal behavior in the vicinity of buried objects affecting remote sensing detection: Experimental and modeling investigation. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 51(5), 2675–2688. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2012.2214485
  42. Smits, K. M., Cihan, A., Sakaki, T., & Illangasekare, T. H. (2011). Evaporation from soils under thermal boundary conditions:Experimental and modeling investigation to compare equilibriumand nonequilibrium-based approaches. Water Resources Research, 47(5), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1029/2010WR009533
  43. Smits, K. M., Kirby, E., Massman, W. J., & Baggett, L. S. (2016). Experimental and Modeling Study of Forest Fire Effect on Soil Thermal Conductivity. Pedosphere, 26(4), 462–473. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(15)60057-1
  44. Smits, K. M., McDonald, L., Smith, N. M., Gonzalez, F., Lucena, J., Martinez, G., Restrepo, O. J., & Rosas, S. (2020). Voces Mineras: Clarifying the future of artisanal and small-scale mining collaborations. Extractive Industries and Society, 7(1), 68–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2019.12.003
  45. Smits, K. M., Ngo, V. V., Cihan, A., Sakaki, T., & Illangasekare, T. H. (2012). An evaluation of models of bare soil evaporation formulated with different land surface boundary conditions and assumptions. Water Resources Research, 48(12), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1029/2012WR012113
  46. Smits, K. M., Sakaki, T., Limsuwat, A., & Illangasekare, T. H. (2010). Thermal Conductivity of Sands under Varying Moisture and Porosity in Drainage–Wetting Cycles. Vadose Zone Journal, 9(1), 172–180. https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2009.0095
  47. Smits, K. M., & Smith, J. M. (2021). Review of Vital Decomposition: Soil Practitioners and Life PoliticsKristina M.Lyons. Duke University Press, Durham and London. 2020. 218 pp. ISBN: 9781478007692 (hardcover). US$25.95. Vadose Zone Journal, 20(2), 2–4. https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20116
  48. Smits, K., Eagen, V., & Trautz, A. (2015). Exploring the effects of atmospheric forcings on evaporation: Experimental integration of the atmospheric boundary layer and shallow subsurface. Journal of Visualized Experiments, 2015(100), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3791/52704
  49. Trautz, A. C., Smits, K. M., & Cihan, A. (2015). Continuum-scale investigation of evaporation from bare soil under different boundary and initial conditions: An evaluation of nonequilibrium phase change. Water Resources Research. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016504
  50. Ulrich, B. A., Mitton, M., Lachenmeyer, E., Hecobian, A., Zimmerle, D., & Smits, K. M. (2019). Natural gas emissions from underground pipelines and implications for leak detection. Environmental Science and Technology Letters, 6(7), 401–406. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00291
  51. Vanderborght, J., Helmig, R., Fetzer, T., Mosthaf, K., & Smits, K. M. (2016). Heat and water transport in soils and across the soil-atmosphere interface: 1. Theory and different model concepts. Water Resources Research, 1057–1079. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016WR019982
  52. Wallen, B. M., Smits, K. M., Sakaki, T., Howington, S. E., & Deepagoda T.K.K., C. (2016). Thermal Conductivity of Binary Sand Mixtures Evaluated through Full Water Content Range. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 80(3), 592–603. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2015.11.0408
  53. Wu, M. Y., Smits, K. M., Goltz, M. N., & Christ, J. A. (2008). A screening model for injection-extraction treatment well recirculation system design. Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, 28(4), 63–71. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2008.00212.x